陕西2021成人大专英语语法备考笔记(冠词)

不定冠词

不定冠词有两种形式：a和an

a 用于辅音 (不一定是辅音字母)开头的名词前，如：a teacher/university/house

an 用于元音(不一定是元音字母)开头的名词前，如：an apple/hour/egg/orange

不定冠词的用法：

1.表示某类人或事物当中的一个，如：

Her brother is a college student.

2.表示数量：即表示数量“一”，如：

A year is divided into twelve months.

3.表示同一性，说明事物的同一特征，大小，程度或性质。如：

This hat and that one are of a shape.

4.指事物的单位，相当于every any, 如：

She kept on writing to her parents once a month.

不定冠词的常见词组搭配：a lot of ; a good many; as a result; as a matter of fact

定冠词the 的常见用法：

1. 特指某人或某物时

(1)特指上文已提过的人或物。如：

He came across an old friend in a shop. The friend was now a general manager.

(2)特指双方都知道的人或物。如：

Did you park the car at the corner?

(3)特指形容词最高级、比较级所修饰的某个确定的人或物。如：

He chose the bigger orange, but she chose the smallest one.

2.世界上独一无二的名词及乐器名词前，如：

The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun.

Do you like to play the piano the violin?

3. the +形容词，表示一类人或物。如：

the old, the young, the rich, the poor, the sick

如：He stole from the rich to give to the poor.

4. the +姓氏s，表示一家人或一对夫妇，如：

the Greens, the Smiths ,the Zhangs, the Curies(居里夫妇)

零冠词的用法：

1.用在学科、球类运动或游戏名称前：

English is learned in most high school.

They enjoy playing basketball in the afternoon.

The old are playing chess under the tree.

2.一日三餐前(但如其前后有形容词或从句、短语修饰时，应加冠词)

We usually go to school after breakfast at seven.

(比较：How doyou like the dinner Mr.Jack prepared?)

3.星期、月份、季节、节日等名词前(但月份、季节等词前后如有限制性定语修饰表示特定时间时，其前加the)

Today is Wednesday.

October 1 is National Day.